Comparison and Wear Material Selection for VSI ROS and HSI Impact Crushers

Table of Contents

Working Principle Overview

CategoryVSI ROS (Rock-on-Steel)HSI (Horizontal Shaft Impactor)
Working PrincipleHigh-speed vertical rotor hurls material against steel anvilsBlow bars on a horizontal rotor strike material onto impact aprons
Typical Feed Size≤ 75 mmPrimary: ≤ 1 m; Secondary: ≤ 200 mm
Final Products0–10 mm manufactured sand, cubical aggregates0–40 mm aggregates and recycled material
Key Wear PartsRotor tips, anvils/anvil rings, wear platesBlow bars, impact aprons, side liners
Wear MaterialsWC-Co tips; Cr26 or Cr26 + ceramic anvilsHigh-chromium iron, martensitic or ceramic composite bars

Why High Manganese Steel Fails in VSI Crusher Anvils

Low Initial Hardness

Hadfield manganese steel has an as-cast hardness of only ~187 BHN (~10 HRC), far below what’s needed for effective erosion resistance.

Requires Work Hardening – But VSI Conditions Don’t Allow It

This steel depends on impact >250 MPa to harden its surface to ~550 BHN. However, VSI machines operate with high-speed, fine particle impacts — the contact time is too short to trigger work hardening.

Poor Erosion Resistance

Comparative wear testing shows that Cr26 high-chromium white iron, due to its M₇C₃ carbide microstructure (1050–1500 HV), vastly outperforms hardened manganese in erosion conditions.

Prone to Plastic Deformation

Manganese steel deforms under high-speed particle erosion, disrupting internal flow paths and increasing machine wear and downtime.

High Production Risks and Cost per Ton

Due to complex geometry, manganese anvils suffer from high casting defect rates. Combined with short lifespan and frequent replacement, this increases operating costs significantly.


Recommended Wear Materials for VSI & HSI Crushers

ComponentRecommended MaterialHardness / FeaturesBest Use Case
Anvil / Anvil RingCr26 High-Chromium Iron60–64 HRC; Carbides >1050 HVStandard to high abrasion
 Cr26 + Ceramic CompositeSurface >70 HRC; 1.5–2× lifespanVery abrasive feeds (e.g., basalt)
Rotor TipWC‑Co (Tungsten Carbide Bar)90–92 HRA; high toughnessDeep-cavity VSI, >70 m/s tip speed
HSI Blow BarCr26 High-Chromium Iron60–65 HRC; brittleSecondary crushing, limestone
 Martensitic Steel45–55 HRC; impact-toughRecycled concrete with rebar
 Ceramic Composite (Cr or Martensitic Base)Extended wear lifeHigh-abrasion, recycled aggregates

Operation & Maintenance Tips

  • Maintain 35–45 mm gap between rotor exit and anvils to ensure proper impact angles.

  • For sticky or high-impact feeds, use martensitic liners in high-stress zones.

  • Optimize cost and wear life by using ceramic composite in the impact center and Cr26 iron on the edges (zoning strategy).


Conclusion: Use “Always-Hard” Materials in VSI Applications

Manganese steel is unsuitable for VSI anvils due to:

  • Low initial hardness,

  • Inability to harden under VSI conditions,

  • Poor resistance to high-speed erosion, and

  • High deformation and casting defect rates.

Instead, industry best practices show that using Cr26 high-chromium iron, ceramic composites, or tungsten carbide tips:

  • Increases wear life by 2–4×,

  • Reduces downtime,

  • Lowers cost per ton processed.

Facebook
Twitter
Email
Print